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Solanum incanum L.

الحَدق
Bitter apple, Thorn apple
Solanaceae
  • Morphological Description
    • Description
      Densely stellate-tomentose, greyish or yellowish-green, prickly shrub, 1-2 m tall ; prickles stout, sharp, 2-7 mm long, broad at base, yellowish, recurved. Leaves petiolate, ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, cordate, entire to sinuately lobed, acute or obtuse, 4-15 x 2-8 cm. Flowers solitary or paired, if paired then the upper staminate and the lower bisexual. Pedicel short, accrescent in fruit. Calyx 5-parted, 3-4 mm long, lobes triangular, unarmed or in fruit prickly. Corolla violet or purple, 1-2 x 1.5-3 cm, lobes lanceolate, densely stellate-tomentose outside. Anthers yellowish to purplish, sessile, 3-5 mm long, oblong. Ovary globose, glabrous; style longer than stamens, stellate-hairy below. Berry globose, glabrous, yellow, 1.5-4 cm across.
  • Habitat and Distribution
    • Geographical Distribution Range
      This Sudanian species occurs from Mauritania and South Africa to Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. For the Arabian Peninsula, it is native to Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the Gulf States, Oman, Yemen and Socotra.
  • Ecology
    • Phenology
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      Flowering
      Fructification
    • IUCN Red List Category
      Not Evaluated  IUCN Icon
      Not Evaluated
  • Uses and Values
    • Aromatic and Medicinal Use
      Medicinal use
    • Description of Traditional Uses
      Recorded in traditional medicine for skin ailments, wounds, pain, and other local complaints. The fruits are generally treated cautiously because of their bitter and potentially toxic nature.